| Course Name | Near-surface Geophysics |
| Course ID | GP 432 |
| Description | Department Elective 9 (theory)
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| Syllabus | Introduction to near-surface geophysics and its applications. Overview of geophysical methods suitable for investigating the shallow subsurface, typically within the top few hundred meters. Principles and applications of common near-surface geophysical techniques such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity, seismic refraction, seismic reflection, electromagnetic methods, shallow seismic methods and MASW. Instrumentation, data acquisition, and processing techniques specific to near-surface geophysics. Integration of multiple geophysical methods for comprehensive subsurface characterization. Case studies demonstrating the use of near-surface geophysics in environmental studies, archaeology, engineering, hydrogeology, and geotechnical investigations |
| References | Everett, M.E. Near-surface Applied Geophysics. Cambridge University Press, 2013. Daniels, J. J. Ground Penetrating Radar (2nd ed.). The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2004. Kearey, P., Brooks, M., & Hill, I. An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration (3rd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell, 2002. Milsom, J. Field Geophysics (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, 2012. Reynolds, J. M. An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell, 2011
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